Friday 11 December 2015

Critical Investigation #Task5 (Introduction)

Did the news media provide a fair and accurate representation of British youth during the 2011 riots?


Despite the fact that the majority of people involved in the London riots were youths, was there a fair and accurate representation of British youth? An example of "British youths are the most unpleasant and violent in the world"[1], this is how the youths were described on the Daily mirror two days after the tragic events took place. The rioters were mainly given a negative representation without any news institution explaining or considering the reasons behind the riots. The national outbreak occurred when the unarmed 29 year old Tottenham resident Mark Duggan was killed by the British police as he suffered from a gunshot wound to the chest, the death of Mark Duggan resulted in peaceful protest which took place outside of Tottenham police station, this later on went to cause a national outbreak amongst the British youth which caused major riots which started off in the streets of London and the proceeded to other cities around the UK, this was a major tragedy for Britain and caused a moral panic across different communities. In this essay there will be an investigation of how the British youth have been represented in the media and how much the negative stereotype of youths is reinforced in the media, there was a variety of different headline and articles published by the major players in British news media. The British newspapers consistently featured dramatic images of what the Daily Mirror called 'young thugs with fire in their eyes and nothing but destruction on their mind', or the Daily Express called simply 'flaming morons'.







Friday 4 December 2015

Critical Investigation Task #4

Essay plan

Introduction
  • introduce what my question is and the particular case study (London riots) 
  • talk about youths in London in general
"The newspapers consistently featured large, dramatic images of what the Daily Mirror called 'young thugs with fire in their eyes and nothing but destruction on their mind', or the Daily Express called simply 'flaming morons'." - Theres a riot going on  https://www.englishandmedia.co.uk/media-magazine/articles/16831

Paragraph 1 
  • What caused the riots
  • Briefly talk about the events during the London riots including some statistics.
  • also which newspapers covered the story the most
  • Moral Panic
"Daily Mirror (13 August 2011) talked of ‘Anarchy in the UK – teenage wasteland’: ‘With their hoodies and bandannas no longer hiding their faces, the thugs who left us in the grip of anarchy for four days were finally exposed" 

Paragraph 2
  • talk about the stereotypical views of the youth in the media
  • how the newspapers described the youth
  • Medhurst theory of stereotype(shorthand)
  • Go into depth about whether the riots gave a fair representation of the youth
"In particular, it's interesting to look at how the participants were described. In most of the tabloid media coverage, the rioters were consistently and repeatedly identified as young people. These were the 'feral youth', the 'hoodies' and 'yobs' who apparently rampage uncontrolled in our cities, bent simply on destruction for its own sake." -

Theres a riots going on https://www.englishandmedia.co.uk/media-magazine/articles/16831

Figures show more than half of the stories about teenage boys in national and regional newspapers in the past year (4,374 out of 8,629) were about crime. The word most commonly used to describe them was "yobs" (591 times), followed by "thugs" (254 times), "sick" (119 times) and "feral" (96 times). -  http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/hoodies-louts-scum-how-media-demonises-teenagers-1643964.html

Other terms often used included "hoodie", "louts", "heartless", "evil" "frightening", "scum", "monsters", "inhuman" and "threatening".

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/hoodies-louts-scum-how-media-demonises-teenagers-1643964.html

“Anarchy in the UK – Teenage wasteland, with their hoodies and bandanas no longer hiding their faces, the thugs who left us in the grip of anarchy” - Uk riots: Anarchy in the UK -
"The Daily Mirror (9 August 2011) spoke of ‘Yob Rule’; the Daily Express (15 August 2011) talked of ‘hooded youths in pitched battles with police, all reason gone and high on destruction’; the Daily Mail (11 August 2011)" 


Paragraph 3
  • talk about wider context and what other factors may have caused the riosts such as unemployment rates, police mistreatment. 
  • Explain why the descriptions were inaccurate
"76% of reporting of young people is negative.
Only 12% of crime is committed by young people.
39% of adults are unaware of the positive things young people do.
Nearly 750 young people completed an online poll for the British Youth Council (BYC) and YouthNet - 80% believed unfair portrayal in the media led to strained relations with older generations. " - http://www.ukyouth.org/resources/youth-statistics/item/379-young_people_in_the_media#.Vh5eHvlViko

paragraph 5 
  • How the youths were described by the biggest news media such as daily mail and the gaurdian
‘BRITISH YOUTHS ARE “THE MOST UNPLEASANT AND VIOLENT IN THE WORLD”’ (Daily Mail, 10 August 2011) and ‘LORD OF THE FLIES GANGS RULE ESTATES’ (Sunday Times, 17 August 2003). The first was inspired by the riots in London and elsewhere in the summer of 2011;    

http://uk.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/65884_Youth_Crime__Representations,_Discourses_and_Data.pdf

Conclusion
  • Explain whether the  representation of youth in the media was accurate or not.
  • talk about an overall view with youth and the media and how its changed over the year

Academic books
Bloom, C. (2012). Riot city: Protest and rebellion in the capital. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
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Briggs, D. (2012). The English riots of 2011 a summer of discontent. Hook, UK: Waterside Press.
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Bottom of Form
Clark, C. (2008). Media portrayal of young people impact and influences. Place of publication not identified: National Children's Bureau.
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Bottom of Form
Conboy, M. (2007). The language of the news. London: Routledge.Top of Form
Bottom of FormCottle, S. (2006). Mediatized conflict developments in media and conflict studies. Maidenhead, Berkshire, England: Open University Press.
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Bottom of Form
Haywood, I. (2012). The Gordon riots: Politics, culture and insurrection in late eighteenth-century Britain. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
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Jones, O. (n.d.). The establishment: And how they get away with itTop of Form
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Jones, O. (2011). Chavs: The demonization of the working class. London: Verso.
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Bottom of Form
Negrine, R. (2007). The political communication reader. London: Routledge.

Wednesday 2 December 2015

Critical Investigation Task #3

Historical text analysis and research

1981 Brixton riots





The 1981 Brixton riot, or Brixton uprising, was a confrontation between the Metropolitan Police and protesters in LambethSouth London, England, between 10 and 11 April 1981. The main riot on 11 April, dubbed "Bloody Saturday" by TIME magazine,  resulted in almost 280 njuries to police and 45  injuries to members of the public over a hundred vehicles were burned, including 56 police vehicles; and almost 150 buildings were damaged, with thirty burned. There were 82 arrests. Reports suggested that up to 5,000 people were involved.

These two images above are newspaper front pages from the 1981 Brixton Riots and the 2011 London riots. From the two images we can see the differences in the images as the one on the left from the Brixton riots show the police holding off the rioters as they are being attacked, this is also an image which has been hand drawn. In addition to this the title of the paper also says "To think this is England" this shows us that the paper then blamed the whole country for these events all though it was only a small part of the country that took part. Also, they didn't target a specific minority when they were talking about who was involved. This newspaper also promotes the fact that England was going through and moral panic and that they were all together. 

On the other hand, the second paper from the 2011 riots is completely different to the first paper. This is automatically visible from the title which says "Flaming morons" this shows us that they are directly targeting a group of people who were involved, in addition, the use of image is also quite extreme as they have an image of a burning car in the background of a youth in a hooded jumper. This shows us how much societies morals have change as back in 1981 if something happened in the UK the media would blame them selves as a whole where as now the media is attacking certain groups of different people(Mainly Minorities). Also, there is a quote which says "Thugs and thieves terrorise Britain's streets" this shows us that the media are portraying the youth to be the only victims as they didn't focus on the reasons behind it" The media also try to make the people who participated in the riots to not be part of the British society as they may be ashamed of what's happened.